The Nature State by Wilko Graf von Hardenberg Matthew Kelly Claudia Leal Emily Wakild

Author:Wilko Graf von Hardenberg,Matthew Kelly,Claudia Leal,Emily Wakild
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd

Notes

1Some non-white tourism occurred in the case of the Kruger National Park, see Jacob S.T. Dlamini, ‘Putting the Kruger Park in Its Place: A Social History of Africans, Mobility, and Conservation in a Modernizing South Africa, 1900–2010’ (unpublished PhD dissertation, Yale University, 2012).

2See Jane Carruthers, The Kruger National Park: A Social and Political History (Pietermaritzburg, 1995).

3See Stephen Ellis, ‘Of Elephants and Men: Politics and Nature Conservation in South Africa’, Journal of Southern African Studies, 20/1 (1994), 53–69.

4See, for example, Paul R. Ehrlich, The Population Bomb (New York, 1968); Henry N. LeHouérou, The Grazing Land Ecosystems of the African Sahel (Berlin, 1989); Norman Myers, Deforestation Rates in Tropical Forests and Their Climatic Implications: A Friends of the Earth Report (London, 1989). For critiques, see, for example, Mary Tiffen, Michael Mortimore and Francis Gichuki, More People, Less Erosion: Environmental Recovery in Kenya (Chichester, 1994); James Fairhead and Melissa Leach, Misreading the African Landscape: Society and Ecology in a Forest–Savanna Mosaic (Cambridge, 1996).

5For discussions of this view and criticisms, see, for example, David Anderson and Richard Grove, Conservation in Africa: People, Policies, and Practice (Cambridge, 1987); William Beinart and Colin Bundy, Hidden Struggles in Rural South Africa: Politics & Popular Movements in the Transkei and Eastern Cape, 1890–1930 (London, 1987); John M. MacKenzie, Imperialism and the Natural World (Manchester, 1990); Richard Grove, Green Imperialism: Colonial Expansion, Tropical Island Edens, and the Origins of Environmentalism, 1600–1860 (Cambridge, 1995); Nancy J. Jacobs, Environment, Power, and Injustice: A South African History (Cambridge, 2003); Roderick P. Neumann, Imposing Wilderness: Struggles over Livelihood and Nature Preservation in Africa (Berkeley, CA, 1998); James C. Scott, The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia (New Haven, CT, 2009).

6The creation of the Moremi Game Reserve in 1950s Botswana was championed by a coalition of international conservationists and local African leaders and opposed by colonial officials and African commercial ranchers, see Maitseo Bolaane, Chiefs, Hunters and San in the Creation of the Moremi Game Reserve, Okavango Delta: Multiracial Interactions and Initiatives 1956–1979 (Osaka, 2013).

7For an overview of Namibia’s history, see Marion Wallace with John Kinahan, A History of Namibia (Auckland Park, 2011).

8On Ovamboland’s colonial history, see, for example, William G. Clarence-Smith, Slaves, Peasants and Capitalists in Southern Angola: 1840–1926 (Cambridge, 1979); Patricia Hayes, Jeremy Silvester and Marion Wallace (eds), Namibia Under South African Rule: Mobility & Containment, 1915–46 (Oxford, 1998); Meredith McKittrick, To Dwell Secure: Generation, Christianity, and Colonialism in Ovamboland (Portsmouth, NH, 2002); Emmanuel Kreike, Re-Creating Eden: Land Use, Environment, and Society in Southern Angola and Northern Namibia (Portsmouth, NH, 2004).

9See, for example, William Beinart, The Rise of Conservation in South Africa: Settlers, Livestock, and the Environment 1770–1950 (Oxford, 2003); James L. Giblin, The Politics of Environmental Control in Northeastern Tanzania, 1840–1940 (Philadelphia, PA, 1992); James L. Giblin and Gregory H. Maddox, Custodians of the Land: Ecology and Culture in the History of Tanzania (London, 1996); James McCann, Green Land, Brown Land, Black Land: An Environmental History of Africa, 1800–1990 (Portsmouth, NH, 1999); Kate B. Showers, Imperial Gullies: Soil Erosion and Conservation in Lesotho (Athens, OH, 2005).

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